(d) None
Diesel engines emit less CO2 and greenhouse gases than petrol engines. This happens because of the particular type of fuel and the internal efficiency of the diesel engine. More specifically, the fuel used in diesel engines has a higher compression ratio than petrol and it also performs better than petrol engines.
Diesel engines heat air with fuel to make the fuel use more efficient. But this produces nitrogen oxides (NOx) including nitrogen dioxide (NO2) which is toxic. Nitrous oxide (N2O), which is a greenhouse gas, and nitric oxide (NO), which reacts with oxygen to create NO2, are also emitted.
Diesel engines are more efficient than gasoline engines and produce less carbon dioxide. Diesel engines are “lean-burn”, meaning they use less fuel and more air to achieve the same performance as a gasoline engine. Diesel fuel also contains about 12% more energy per gallon than gasoline.
Diesel engines are generally more fuel-efficient than petrol engines. Diesel engines can offer an average of 20-25% higher mileage, which can lead to significant fuel cost savings.

(c) Andhra Pradesh
The Indian National Trust For Art And Cultural Heritage (INTACH) is making efforts to get the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to declare the annual ‘Paruveta’ (mock hunting festival), as an ‘intangible cultural heritage’.
It is an annual mock hunting festival celebrated at the Sri Narasimha Swamy temple in Ahobilam, Andhra Pradesh.
This festival symbolises communal harmony, during which the deity from the temple’s sanctum sanctorum is taken to the 32 Chenchu tribal hamlets around Ahobilam for 40 days (a Mandala).
In folklore, it’s said that Lord Vishnu, in his Narasimha incarnation, wedded Maha Lakshmi, incarnated as a tribal girl named Chenchulakshmi in Ahobilam, where Chenchu tribes honoured Narasimha as their brother-in-law and invited him home for Makara Sankranti.

(c) Both 1 and 2
PRATUSH, or Probing ReionizATion of the Universe using Signal from Hydrogen, is a radiometer that will orbit the moon. It will study the birth of stars and galaxies using the 21-cm hydrogen line from the far side of the moon. PRATUSH will reveal the history of the universe after the Big Bang, from cold gas into stars and galaxies.
PRATUSH will answer questions about the first stars, including when they formed, their nature, and the color of their light. The STARFIRE algorithm is used in PRATUSH to fine-tune antennas and instrument components for data gathering. Radio telescopes collect radio waves with the shortest wavelengths. They are affected by radio and TV signals, and the Earth’s ionosphere blocks radio waves from outer space.

c) Both 1 and 2
The Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms (C-CAMP) is a research and innovation initiative in the life sciences. It was established in 2009 and is supported by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India. C-CAMP is also a member of the Bangalore Life Science Cluster (BLiSC).
C-CAMP’s mandate is to promote entrepreneurship and innovation. It has created and fostered an entrepreneur-friendly culture in and around the Academic/Research environment through its involvement in Seed Funding Schemes for Startups.
The Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms (C-CAMP) in Bengaluru has developed a new platform called OptiDrop.
OptiDrop Platform is an innovative microfluidic chip-based platform that simplifies and reduces the cost of studying single cells. It employs a novel approach that enables precise and cost-effective analysis of single cells encapsulated in droplets.
The platform’s unique features include live data visualization, a smaller data footprint, and a ‘closed’ system design that prevents external contamination.
This research was supported by the Biotechnology Industry Research Council (BIRAC), the Department of Science and Technology (DST) and the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD).

Only three
Optical Illusions can use color, light and patterns to create images that can be deceptive or misleading to our brains. The information gathered by the eye is processed by the brain, creating a perception that in reality, does not match the true image. Perception refers to the interpretation of what we take in through our eyes. Optical illusions occur because our brain is trying to interpret what we see and make sense of the world around us. Optical illusions simply trick our brains into seeing things which may or may not be real.
Size of the sun at dusk: The size of the sun at different intervals of the day will appear different because of optical illusion. It will appear large during the morning time because we see it with other objects in the environment. It will appear smaller in noon time because of the presence of clear sky and appears clearer during evening time.
Color of the Sun at dawn: The color of the sun resembles optical illusion throughout the day. Light is composed of many colors and out of all those colors, red color travels farthest in the atmosphere and appears to be seen at last. During noon time, Sun appears whitish and yellowish in color.
The twinkle of stars in the sky: Stars have their own light and as a result cause an optical illusion. This happens when light travels through various layers of the atmosphere before reaching human eyes.

Moon being visible at Dawn and Polestar being visible in the sky are not an optical illusions.