(a) World Bank
The World Bank (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, IBRD) has issued the Wildlife Conservation Bond (WCB) to support of South Africa’s efforts to conserve endangered species of Black Rhino. Wildlife Conservation Bond (WCB) is also known as “Rhino Bond”. It is a five-year $150 million Sustainable Development Bond. It includes a potential performance payment from the Global Environment Facility (GEF).
The bond will contribute to protecting and increasing black rhino populations in two protected areas in South Africa namely the Addo Elephant National Park (AENP) and the Great Fish River Nature Reserve (GFRNR).

(c) The Miyawaki method is a technique for urban afforestation that involves planting trees in small spaces. The method was developed in the 1970s by Japanese botanist Akira Miyawaki. The method’s goal is to increase the density of green cover in a small area.
The Miyawaki method involves:
Planting close together: Plants are seeded closely together to save space and promote dense growth. The close planting also allows young trees to protect each other and block sunlight from reaching the forest floor.
Planting native trees: The method involves identifying and planting native trees in the area.
Improving the soil: The soil is improved by covering it with mulch, which helps prevent dryness, erosion, and weed growth.
Planting multiple types of trees: The method involves planting two to four different types of indigenous trees within every square meter.

(c) All three
Nebular Hypothesis: Originally propounded by German philosopher Immanuel Kant and further revised by Laplace in 1796. This hypothesis considered that the planets were formed out of a cloud of material associated with a youthful sun, which was slowly rotating.
Binary star hypothesis: In 1900, Chamberlain and Moulton considered that a wandering star approached the sun. As a result, a cigar-shaped extension of the material was separated from the solar surface. As the passing star moved away, the material separated from the solar surface continued to revolve around the sun and it slowly condensed into planets.
Big Bang Theory: Big Bang Theory is also called the expanding universe hypothesis. Edwin Hubble in 1920, provided evidence that the universe is expanding. As time passes, galaxies move further and further apart. The expansion of the universe means an increase in space between the galaxies.

(c) All three
Big Bang Theory is also called the expanding universe hypothesis. (Statement 3 is correct)
Big Bang Theory considers the following stages in the development of the universe:
In the beginning, all matter forming the universe existed in one place in the form of a tiny ball with an unimaginably small volume, infinite temperature and infinite density. (Statement 1 is correct)
At the Big Bang, the ‘tiny ball’ exploded violently that led to a huge expansion. It is now generally accepted that the event of big bang took place 13.7 billion years before the present. (Statement 2 is correct).
Within 300,00 years from the Big Bang, the temperature dropped to 4,500 K and gave rise to atomic matter and became transparent. The expansion of the universe means an increase in space between the galaxies.

(c) Mahatma Gandhi
In a speech in South Africa in 1890 Mahatma Gandhi said this: “A customer is the most important visitor on our premises. He is not dependent on us. We are dependent on him. He is not an interruption of our work. He is the purpose of it. He is not an outsider of our business. He is part of it. We are not doing him a favour by serving him. He is doing us a favour by giving us the opportunity to do so.”
A citizen’s charter is a written, voluntary declaration by service providers about service standards, choice, accessibility, non-discrimination, transparency, and accountability. It should be in accordance with the expectations of citizens.
Citizen’s Charter was first launched in UK: Citizen Charter concept was first articulated and implemented in the United Kingdom in 1991 by the then P.M. John Major.
Various Instruments that are established as Dispute Redressal mechanisms are:
• Establishing grievance redressal machinery under citizens’ charter
• Fixing time frames for grievance redressal
• Establishing an Institution of Ombudsman in the local level known as Lokpal and Lokayukta to oversee redressal of grievance
Source: centre for good governance.gov.in