(c) Both 1 and 2
As per WHO, India reported 63% of total deaths in 2016 due to NCDs, of which 27% were attributed to CVDs. CVDs also account for 45% of deaths in the 40–69-year age group.
Transcatheter Aortic ValveImplantation/Replacement (TAVI/TAVR) is a groundbreaking alternative procedure to open heart surgeries.
TAVI/TAVR is a minimally invasive procedure that involves inserting a new valve inside the damaged aortic valve, often without removing the old valve entirely. The procedure itself involves inserting a catheter through an artery in the groin, which is then guided to the heart.
Cerebrovascular heart disease is a condition in which blood circulation to the brain is affected. This is caused mainly due to atherosclerosis. As discussed earlier, atherosclerosis is a condition in which walls of arteries become stiff and thick due to the accumulation of fat deposits.
Blood pressure affects blood flow leading to ischemic stroke and a rise in blood pressure leads to tearing of blood vessels which may lead to intracranial haemorrhage.

(a) 1 Only
TNWs, or Tactical Nuclear Weapons, are weapons not classified as “strategic” under US-Russian arms control agreements. They include short-range options like land-based missiles (less than 500 km range) and air- or sea-launched weapons (less than 600 km range). TNWs are the least-regulated nuclear weapons category under arms control agreements and are widely present in nuclear arsenals worldwide. (Statement 2 is incorrect)

(c) Both 1 and 2
Drip pricing may initially withhold mandatory fees, such as local hotel taxes, booking fees, or resort fees, or may not include add-ons that are required to use a product or service, such as internet access, certain facilities, or amenities. These additional, often mandatory costs are disclosed one by one or “dripped.”

(c) Both 1 and 2
Thalassemia is a blood disorder that occurs when the body doesn’t produce enough hemoglobin, a protein that helps red blood cells carry oxygen. Without enough hemoglobin, red blood cells don’t function properly and don’t last as long, which can lead to anemia. Thalassemia is inherited, meaning it’s passed from parents to children through genes. It’s caused by either a genetic mutation or a deletion of certain key gene fragments.

(b) 2 Only
Wheat is affected by many fungal diseases, including rusts, smuts, Fusarium head blight, Septoria leaf blotch, tan spot, and powdery mildew. These diseases can cause significant damage to the crop.
Foot rot can be diagnosed by observing the symptoms of the saplings or plants. The infected saplings show pale yellow and elongated leaves that curl inward. The stem base becomes soft and rotten, and pinkish fungal growth may be seen on the lower sheaths. The saplings may break easily or die before transplantation.
It is also known as Bakanae Disease. It is a soil and seed-borne deadly fungus which is seen only in the Basmati variety of paddy. It is caused by ‘Fusarium verticillioides’ fungi. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
The infected saplings turn pale yellow and become elongated and later, the saplings start drying and usually die.
Symptoms sometimes appear after transplantation and the infected plants first grow way taller than the normal plants and die after a few days.