(b) Only two statements are correct (1st and 3rd)
A cyclone is a large, rotating storm system with low pressure at its center. Cyclones can form in any ocean basin, but they are most common in the tropics. Cyclones can cause a variety of hazards, including strong winds, storm surges, and heavy rainfall.
The post-monsoon season does indeed see a higher frequency of cyclones in the Bay of Bengal compared to the pre-monsoon season.
While the Arabian Sea does experience cyclones, they are generally less frequent and often less severe than those in the Bay of Bengal. (2nd statement is Incorrect)
Coastal states on the eastern side, particularly those bordering the Bay of Bengal, are more frequently affected by cyclones compared to the western coastal states.

(b) Only two statements are correct (1st and 2nd)
Tropical cyclones indeed form over warm ocean waters, characterized by their low-pressure centers, strong winds, and heavy rainfall.
Extratropical cyclones form outside the tropics and are driven by temperature contrasts between air masses.
Tornadoes and tropical cyclones are not the same phenomena. Tornadoes are violent, rotating columns of air extending from a thunderstorm to the ground, typically smaller in size and shorter in duration compared to tropical cyclones, which are large-scale systems. (3rd statement is incorrect)

(d) Neither 1 nor 2 statements are correct
The e-Migrate project is an initiative by the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) to help Indian workers emigrate safely and legally.
The project aims to make the emigration process more streamlined and transparent for Indian workers, especially blue-collar workers, who are traveling to countries that require an Emigration Check (ECR).
The e-Migrate project connects foreign employers, registered recruitment agencies, and insurance companies on a single platform.

(c) Demographic Winter
The demographic winter refers to a worldwide decline in birthrates. The actors that discuss this theory claim that the decline of fertility rates will eventually lead to economic devastation and want to warn individuals of this impending doom, causing a political as well as social change.
“Demographic disorder” is a term used by the Vice President of India to describe a perceived threat to India’s democracy. He has said that certain regions of India have become political fortresses for certain groups, where elections have no real meaning.
Natural decrease: When more people die than babies are born, the population decreases.
Depopulation: The term for a decrease in population is population decline or depopulation.

(d) Uttarakhand
Roopkund, also known as the ” lake of skeletons” is a glacial lake in Uttarakhand.
It is situated at 16,500 feet above sea level at the base of Mt. Trishul in the Garhwal Himalayas.
Measuring a mere 130 feet in width, the lake is encased in ice for the majority of the year. It is surrounded by snow-capped peaks and lush green meadows.
It is called the “lake of skeletons” as the glacial body conceals numbers of human skeletons, some with preserved flesh. These skeletons become visible when snow melts in the region.
These skeletal remains, dating back to around the 9th century AD, have led to various theories about the cause of death.
A 2019 study by scientists from India, the US, and Germany challenged the belief that the skeletons belonged to a single group that perished in a single event, instead suggesting they were genetically diverse individuals who died over a span of up to 1,000 years.