(a) Only one
Morley-Minto reforms – The Indian Councils Act 1909 was an act of the British Parliament that introduced a few reforms in the legislative councils and increased the involvement of Indians (limited) in the governance of British India.
It was more commonly called the Morley-Minto Reforms after the Secretary of State for India John Morley and the Viceroy of India, Minto. (Statement 1 is incorrect)
It retained an official majority in the Central Legislative Council but allowed the provincial legislative councils to have a non-official majority. (Statement 3 is correct)
In 1906, a group of 35 Muslim leaders led by Aga Khan III met with Lord Minto, the Viceroy of India, at the Viceregal Lodge in Shimla. The group, known as the Shimla Deputation, demanded greater political representation for Muslims. The Muslim leaders wanted a separate electorate where Muslim voters could only vote for Muslim candidates. The Act ‘legalized communalism’ and Lord Minto came to be known as the Father of Communal Electorate. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
The Act did nothing to grant colonial self-government, which was Congress’s demand.
Representation: The reforms introduced communal representation and separate electorates for Muslims.
Participation: The reforms increased Indian participation in legislative councils, especially at the provincial level.
Elections: The reforms introduced the concept of elections for Indians, but voting was dependent on the amount of tax paid to the government.
Executive councils: The reforms allowed Indians to join the executive councils of the Viceroy and Governors for the first time.
Legislative councils: The reforms increased the size of legislative councils.
Nominations: The reforms empowered the Governor General to nominate one Indian member to the Executive Council.

(a) Only one
The All India Muslim League and the Indian National Congress agreed to the Lucknow Pact in Lucknow in December 1916. The agreement was made at the yearly meetings of both parties to lay out the shared political principles, including the demands for India’s “Self-Governance” after the war.
The All India Muslim League and the Indian National Congress developed cordial relations as a result, and Mohammed Ali Jinnah was awarded the title of “Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity” by the nightingale of India, Sarojini Naidu.
Key features of the Lucknow Pact:
Joint demand for self-government: Both the Congress and the Muslim League agreed to demand self-government for India within the British Empire.
Separate electorates for Muslims: The pact accepted the principle of separate electorates for Muslims in the provincial legislatures and Imperial Legislative Council. This was a significant concession by the Congress, which had previously opposed separate electorates.
Weightage in representation: The pact also agreed on the weightage of Muslim representation in the legislatures. Muslims were to be given one-third representation in the Central Legislative Council and in the executive councils of provinces where they were in a minority.
Proportional representation: The pact also called for proportional representation for all communities in the provincial legislatures.
Significance of the Lucknow Pact:
Hindu-Muslim unity: The pact was seen as a sign of Hindu-Muslim unity and was hailed as a major achievement in the nationalist movement.
Strengthened Muslim League: The pact gave the Muslim League a greater bargaining power in Indian politics and established it as a major political force.
Communal politics: However, the agreement on separate electorates also sowed the seeds of communal politics in India.
Criticism of the Lucknow Pact:
Separate electorates: The system of separate electorates was criticized for perpetuating communal divisions and hindering the development of a united national identity.
Limited scope: The pact only focused on political reforms and did not address the wider economic and social issues facing India.

(c) Paisachi
Bṛhatkathā (Sanskrit, “the Great Narrative”) is an ancient Indian epic, said to have been written by Guṇāḍhya in a poorly-understood language known as Paiśācī. The work no longer exists but several later adaptations — the Kathāsaritsāgara, Bṛhatkathāmañjarī and Bṛhatkathāślokasaṃgraha in Sanskrit, as well as the Peruṅkatai and Vasudevahiṃḍi in vernaculars — make commentary on the piece.

(b) Indicates the objectives to be achieved.
A preamble is an introductory statement in a document that explains the document’s philosophy and objectives. (Statement 2 is correct)
In a Constitution, it presents the intention of its framers, the history behind its creation, and the core values and principles of the nation. The preamble basically gives an idea of the following things/objects:
• Source of the Constitution
• Nature of Indian State
• Statement of its objectives
• Date of its adoption

The Supreme Court in the Kesavananda Bharati case states that the Preamble can be amended, subject to the condition that no amendment is done to the ‘basic features of the Constitution.
Supreme Court in Kesavananda Bharati case held that:
The Preamble is a part of the Constitution. (Statement 1 is incorrect)
The Preamble is not a source of power nor a source of limitations. (Statement 4 is incorrect)
The preamble has been amended once so far, in 1976, by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act which added the new words–Socialist, Secular and Integrity. (Statement 3 is incorrect)

(c) All three
OCIs are granted a multiple entry, multi-purpose, lifelong visa for visiting India. They are exempt from registering with the Foreign Regional Registration Officer or Foreign Registration Officer for any length of stay in India. OCIs are also not required to register with the local police for any length of stay.
Multiple Entry Lifelong Visa: OCI cardholders will be entitled to get multiple entry lifelong visas for visiting India for any purpose.
Prior Permission: OCI cards would need prior permission for a set of activities that include research, journalism, mountaineering, missionary or Tablighi work, and visits to restricted areas.
Parity with Non Resident Indians (NRIs): OCI cardholders will enjoy parity with NRIs in adoption of children, appearing in competitive exams, purchase or sale of immovable property barring agricultural land and farmhouses, and pursuing professions such as doctors, lawyers, architects, and chartered accountants. (OCIs can appear for all-India entrance tests such as National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET), Joint Entrance Examination (Mains), Joint Entrance Examination (Advanced) or such other tests to make them eligible for admission only against any NRI seat or any supernumerary seat.)
The OCI cardholder shall not be eligible for admission against any seat reserved exclusively for Indian citizens.
Parity with Indian Nationals: They have parity with Indian nationals in the matter of domestic air fares, entry fees to monuments and public places.