(b) Only two
The INC was founded in 1855. Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant, is the founder of the Indian National Congress (INC). Hume is known as the father and founder of the INC. The party’s primary goal was to increase Indian participation in national governance. The INC was India’s first national political movement and was important in seeking Independence from British Raj. (Statement 1 is correct)
The precursor of the Indian National Congress was Indian Association. (Statement 3 is incorrect)
Indian National Association: The Indian Association was the first recognized nationalist organization founded in British India by Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose in 1876.
The Association’s goals were supporting the growth of the people’s political, intellectual, and material status using all legal methods. Across the nation, the Association attracted educated Indians and civic leaders. It later conjoined with the Indian National Congress.
Bal Gangadhar Tilak joined the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1890, but never presided over a session of the Indian National Congress. (Statement 2 is correct)

(b) Community Development Programme
The Community Development Programme is a process that aims to improve the quality of life of people in a community through the mobilization of local resources and the participation of local people.
Development planning/ Planned Development is when a country directs its resources towards socioeconomic objectives within a set timeframe. A planned development means a process that aims to achieve an improved quality of life for the citizens of the state and to contribute to bigger goals for nation regarding socio-economic development.
In India, development planning began in 1950 with the establishment of the Planning Commission. The commission was responsible for creating and implementing five-year plans for social and economic development.
The Panchayati Raj system is a three-tier structure of the Indian administration that aims to develop local self-governments in districts, zones, and villages.
The Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP) was launched by the Government of India during 1978 and implemented during 1980. The aim of the program is to provide employment opportunities to the poor as well as opportunities to develop their skill sets so as to improve their living conditions.

(b) 1 and 2
Geographical indications (GIs) identify a good as originating from a particular place. By contrast, a trademark identifies a good or service as originating from a particular company.
A trademark often consists of a fanciful or arbitrary sign. In contrast, the name used as a geographical indication is usually predetermined by the name of a geographical area.
Finally, a trademark can be assigned or licensed to anyone, anywhere in the world, because it is linked to a specific company and not to a particular place. In contrast, a GI may be used by any persons in the area of origin, who produces the good according to specified standards, but because of its link with the place of origin, a GI cannot be assigned or licensed to someone outside that place or not belonging to the group of authorized producers.
Geographical Indications are covered as a component of intellectual property rights (IPRs) under the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property.
In India, Geographical Indications registration is administered by the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999.
Geographical Indication is assigned to the agricultural goods/products natural, or manufactured goods and handicrafts. (Statement 3 is incorrect)
GI is governed by the World Trade Organisation’s (WTO’s) Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) at the international level.
Darjeeling tea was the first product of India to be accorded with the GI tag.

(d) The idea of self-sufficiency and no international trade by a country
Autarky, an economic system of self-sufficiency and limited trade. A country is said to be in a complete state of autarky if it has a closed economy, which means that it does not engage in international trade with any other country.
None of the countries of the world has been able to produce all the goods and services required by its population at competitive prices, however, some tried to live it up at the cost of inefficiency and comparative poverty.

(a) NSSO household consumption expenditure survey
India’s unemployment and poverty estimates are based on the National Sample Survey Office’s (NSSO) household consumption expenditure survey. The NSSO conducts these large-scale surveys of Indian families’ household consumption expenditure every five years. The survey provides information on consumption expenditures and how they are distributed across households. The Planning Commission uses the data from these surveys to estimate poverty lines and ratios.