Explanation:
The countries with coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea are Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Morocco, Monaco, Montenegro, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia and Turkey. In addition, the Gaza Strip and the British Overseas Territories of Gibraltar and Akrotiri and Dhekelia have coastlines on the sea. On the Eastern shore, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon and Israel have their coastline on the Mediterranean Sea.

Explanation:
Jakarta-Singapore-Bangkok-Hanoi is the correct sequence of occurrence of the following cities in South-East Asia as one proceeds from south to north.

Explanation:
 Malacca Strait: It is a narrow stretch of water between the Malay Peninsula and the Indonesian island of Sumatra.
 It is a strategic waterway between Indonesia and Malaysia through which the majority of Chinese imports pass.
 It is one of the primary shipping channels between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.
 The narrow waterway also makes the perfect chokepoint from the perspective of India as the Malacca Strait can be blocked easily by India.
 Broadening (not Deepening) the Malacca straits between Malaysia and Indonesia will reduce the navigation time and distance. (Statement 1 is incorrect)
 India’s natural position in the Indian Ocean, with basing capabilities in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands at the mouth of the strait, would allow its navy to cut it off in the event of a crisis or war with China.
 Kra isthmus: It is the narrowest part of the Malay Peninsula.
 It is bordered to the west by the Andaman Sea and to the east by the Gulf of Thailand.
 Opening a new canal across the Kra isthmus between the Gulf of Siam and the Andaman Sea can reduce the navigation time and distance. (Statement 2 is correct)