(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.
Prison Management by States:
As per the Constitution of India, prisons and the people detained within them are a State subject.
Therefore, the management and administration of prisons fall exclusively within the domain of the State Governments, governed by their own rules and regulations.
Prisons Act, 1894:
The Prisons Act, 1894 was the first legislation that governed prison management and administration in India. It placed the control of prisons under Provincial Governments (now State Governments).

(b) Only two statements are correct (1st and 2nd)
Kalvari-Class Submarines: Also known as Scorpène-class, these submarines are diesel-electric attack submarines built under Project 75. They are known for their stealth capabilities, which make them difficult to detect. The Kalvari class is equipped with advanced sensors, torpedoes, and mines.
Arihant-Class Submarines: These are nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) designed for strategic deterrence. They form the sea-based leg of India’s nuclear triad, capable of carrying nuclear-tipped ballistic missiles and staying submerged for extended periods.
Scorpène-Class Submarines: This is a repetition of the Kalvari-class description. The correct term for the nuclear-powered attack submarines would be Chakra-Class Submarines, which are leased from Russia and known for their long endurance and advanced capabilities. (3rd statement is incorrect)

(b) Only two statements are correct (1st and 3rd)
The SpaDeX (Space Docking Experiment) mission aims to demonstrate autonomous in-space docking technology, which is a significant milestone for India’s space program.
The mission involves two satellites, SDX01 (Chaser) and SDX02 (Target), but they are placed in a low-Earth circular orbit, not a geostationary orbit. (2nd statement is incorrect)
The Chaser satellite uses advanced sensors and onboard propulsion to autonomously dock with the Target satellite. This involves precise orbital maneuvers and real-time data sharing between the satellites.

(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.
According to the United Nations World Water Development Report 2022, with an estimated 251 km3 annual withdrawal from an estimated 20 million wells and tube wells, India is the world’s greatest groundwater user. This accounts for more than a quarter of the total groundwater extracted internationally. (1st statement is correct)
India uses about 89% of this groundwater for irrigation. Major share of total groundwater extracted by India is utilized for irrigation purposes and not for drinking and sanitation purposes. (2nd Statement is incorrect)

(c) All three statements are correct
Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) fertilizers are primarily used to provide essential nutrients like Phosphorus and Nitrogen to crops. These nutrients are crucial for the development of new plant tissues and the regulation of protein synthesis in crops.
The Indian government has extended a special subsidy package for DAP fertilizers to ensure their availability at affordable prices to farmers until December 2025. This move aims to sustain the availability of DAP at Rs 1,350 per bag of 50 kg.
Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative (IFFCO) is one of the leading manufacturers of DAP fertilizers in India. Other notable manufacturers include Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Limited, Coromandel International Ltd., and Gujarat State Fertilizers & Chemicals Ltd
India is one of the largest consumers and importers of DAP fertilizers due to insufficient domestic production of the raw materials required for its manufacture, particularly phosphates.