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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Tropical and semi evergreen forest:
1. They are found in wet and humid areas with annual precipitation of over 200 cm.
2. There is a specific time for trees to shed their leaves and flowering.
3. Semi evergreen forests have a mixture of evergreen and moist deciduous trees.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: (c) 3 only
Explanation:
Statement 1 is incorrect: Tropical forests are found in the western slope of the Western Ghats, hills of the northeastern region and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. They are found in warm and humid areas with an annual precipitation of over 200 cm and mean annual temperature above 22°C.
Tropical evergreen forests are well stratified, with layers closer to the ground and are covered with shrubs and creepers, with short structured trees followed by tall variety of trees.
Statement 2 is incorrect: In Tropical forests, trees reach great heights up to 60 m or above. There is no definite time for trees to shed their leaves, flowering and fruiting. As such these forests appear green all the year round. Species found in these forests include rosewood, mahogany, aini, ebony, etc.
Statement 3 is correct: The semi evergreen forests are found in the less rainy parts of these regions. Such forests have a mixture of evergreen and moist deciduous trees. The under growing climbers provide an evergreen character to these forests. Main species are white cedar, hollock and kail.
Incorrect
Answer: (c) 3 only
Explanation:
Statement 1 is incorrect: Tropical forests are found in the western slope of the Western Ghats, hills of the northeastern region and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. They are found in warm and humid areas with an annual precipitation of over 200 cm and mean annual temperature above 22°C.
Tropical evergreen forests are well stratified, with layers closer to the ground and are covered with shrubs and creepers, with short structured trees followed by tall variety of trees.
Statement 2 is incorrect: In Tropical forests, trees reach great heights up to 60 m or above. There is no definite time for trees to shed their leaves, flowering and fruiting. As such these forests appear green all the year round. Species found in these forests include rosewood, mahogany, aini, ebony, etc.
Statement 3 is correct: The semi evergreen forests are found in the less rainy parts of these regions. Such forests have a mixture of evergreen and moist deciduous trees. The under growing climbers provide an evergreen character to these forests. Main species are white cedar, hollock and kail.
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following statements about agricultural subsidies in WTO:
1. The agricultural subsidies which cause minimal or no distortions to trade are put under the blue box.
2. Amber Box includes government policies of minimum support prices (as MSP in India) for agricultural products.
3. Subsidies are subject to reduction commitment to their minimum level to 5 per cent and 10 per cent for the developing and the developed countries respectively.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: (b) 2 only
Explanation:
The agricultural subsidies, in the WTO terminology, have in general been identified by ‘boxes’ which have been given the colours of the traffic lights—green (means permitted), amber (means slow down, i.e., to be reduced) and red (means forbidden).
Statement 1 is incorrect: The agricultural subsidies which cause minimal or no distortions to trade are put under the green box. They must not involve price support. This box basically includes all forms of government expenses, which are not targeted at a particular product, and all direct income support programmes to farmers, which are not related to current levels of production or prices.
Statement 2 is correct: All subsidies which are supposed to distort production and trade fall into the amber box, i.e., all agricultural subsidies except those which fall into the blue and green boxes. These include government policies of minimum support prices (as MSP in India) for agricultural products or any help directly related to production quantities (such as power, fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation, etc).
Statement 3 is incorrect: Under the WTO provisions, these subsidies are subject to reduction commitment to their minimum level— to 5 per cent and 10 per cent for the developed and the developing countries, respectively, of their total value of agricultural outputs, per annum accordingly. It means, the subsidies directly related to production promotion above the allowed level (which fall in either the blue or green box) must be reduced by the countries to the prescribed levels.
Incorrect
Answer: (b) 2 only
Explanation:
The agricultural subsidies, in the WTO terminology, have in general been identified by ‘boxes’ which have been given the colours of the traffic lights—green (means permitted), amber (means slow down, i.e., to be reduced) and red (means forbidden).
Statement 1 is incorrect: The agricultural subsidies which cause minimal or no distortions to trade are put under the green box. They must not involve price support. This box basically includes all forms of government expenses, which are not targeted at a particular product, and all direct income support programmes to farmers, which are not related to current levels of production or prices.
Statement 2 is correct: All subsidies which are supposed to distort production and trade fall into the amber box, i.e., all agricultural subsidies except those which fall into the blue and green boxes. These include government policies of minimum support prices (as MSP in India) for agricultural products or any help directly related to production quantities (such as power, fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation, etc).
Statement 3 is incorrect: Under the WTO provisions, these subsidies are subject to reduction commitment to their minimum level— to 5 per cent and 10 per cent for the developed and the developing countries, respectively, of their total value of agricultural outputs, per annum accordingly. It means, the subsidies directly related to production promotion above the allowed level (which fall in either the blue or green box) must be reduced by the countries to the prescribed levels.
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Consider the following statements with reference to Special Economic Zones in India:
1. Almost three fourth of the operational SEZs are located in states that have a coast.
2. No agricultural land or any part of it can be acquired for the establishment of SEZ in India.
3. All SEZs in India are treated as a territory outside the customs territory of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: (d) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
Presently, 378 SEZs are notified, out of which 270(2022) are operational. almost three fourth of the operational SEZs are located in states with a coast. So,
Statement 1 is correct.
The provisions of the Land Acquisition Act and the Resettlement and Rehabilitation Policy as framed by the Ministry of Rural Development will be applicable for acquisition of land for SEZ also.
The Cultivable land acquisition for Special Economic Zones should be considered only if an adequate quantum of other land is unavailable. The priority should be given to the acquisition of waste and barren land, and if necessary single agricultural cropland could be acquired for the SEZs. Therefore, agricultural land or any part of it can be acquired. So, Statement 2 is not correct.
In India, SEZ are treated as a designated duty-free enclave to be treated as a territory outside the customs territory of India for the purpose of authorised operations in the SEZ. They are also provided with exemption from customs/excise duties for development of SEZs for authorized operations approved by the Board of Approval (BOA). So, Statement 3 is correct.
Incorrect
Answer: (d) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
Presently, 378 SEZs are notified, out of which 270(2022) are operational. almost three fourth of the operational SEZs are located in states with a coast. So,
Statement 1 is correct.
The provisions of the Land Acquisition Act and the Resettlement and Rehabilitation Policy as framed by the Ministry of Rural Development will be applicable for acquisition of land for SEZ also.
The Cultivable land acquisition for Special Economic Zones should be considered only if an adequate quantum of other land is unavailable. The priority should be given to the acquisition of waste and barren land, and if necessary single agricultural cropland could be acquired for the SEZs. Therefore, agricultural land or any part of it can be acquired. So, Statement 2 is not correct.
In India, SEZ are treated as a designated duty-free enclave to be treated as a territory outside the customs territory of India for the purpose of authorised operations in the SEZ. They are also provided with exemption from customs/excise duties for development of SEZs for authorized operations approved by the Board of Approval (BOA). So, Statement 3 is correct.
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements:
1. The sale and distribution of sugar are regulated under the Essential Commodities Act of 1955.
2. The export of sugar was carried out through the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
Correct
Answer:(c) Both 1 and 2
Explanation:
Essential Commodities Act is an enacted in the interest of the general public, for the control of the production, supply and distribution of, and trade and commerce, in certain commodities. The Central Government may, add or remove a commodity from the Schedule of essential commodities, if it is satisfied that it is necessary so to do in the public interest in consultation with the State Governments.
The Schedule of Essential Commodities include,
1. drugs (as desined in the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940);
2. fertilizer, whether inorganic, organic or mixed;
3. foodstuffs, including edible oilseeds and oils;
4. hank yarn made wholly from cotton;
5. petroleum and petroleum products;
6. raw jute HI jute textiles;
I. seeds of food-crops and seeds of fruits and vegetables;
II. seeds of cattle fodder; and
III. jute seeds.
Sugar is entitled as an essential commodity according to this act. This act defines sugar as,
• any form of sugar containing more than ninety per cent, of sucrose, including sugar candy;
• khandsari sugar or bura sugar or crushed sugar or any sugar in crystalline or powdered form; or
• sugar in process in vacuum pan sugar factory or raw sugar produced therein. So, Statement 1 is correct.
The export of sugar was carried out through the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) under the Ministry of Commerce & Industry. So, Statement 2 is correct.
Incorrect
Answer:(c) Both 1 and 2
Explanation:
Essential Commodities Act is an enacted in the interest of the general public, for the control of the production, supply and distribution of, and trade and commerce, in certain commodities. The Central Government may, add or remove a commodity from the Schedule of essential commodities, if it is satisfied that it is necessary so to do in the public interest in consultation with the State Governments.
The Schedule of Essential Commodities include,
1. drugs (as desined in the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940);
2. fertilizer, whether inorganic, organic or mixed;
3. foodstuffs, including edible oilseeds and oils;
4. hank yarn made wholly from cotton;
5. petroleum and petroleum products;
6. raw jute HI jute textiles;
I. seeds of food-crops and seeds of fruits and vegetables;
II. seeds of cattle fodder; and
III. jute seeds.
Sugar is entitled as an essential commodity according to this act. This act defines sugar as,
• any form of sugar containing more than ninety per cent, of sucrose, including sugar candy;
• khandsari sugar or bura sugar or crushed sugar or any sugar in crystalline or powdered form; or
• sugar in process in vacuum pan sugar factory or raw sugar produced therein. So, Statement 1 is correct.
The export of sugar was carried out through the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) under the Ministry of Commerce & Industry. So, Statement 2 is correct.
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements with reference to roadways and railways in India:
1. Generally, the states with the highest density of roads also have the highest railways in India.
2. In the new numbering system of National Highways, all north-south oriented highways will have even numbers, and all east-west oriented highways will have an odd number.
3. The railway zones of India are demarcated such that they are in concurrence with the state boundaries.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer:(b) 2 only
Explanation:
The length of road per 100 sq. km of area is known as the density of roads. State of Kerela has the highest road length of 2,38,773 km, which gives it a road density of 614 km per 100 sq. km of area. But the state of Uttar Pradesh has the largest railway density is nearly twice (40 km) the national average of 20 km per 1000 sq km of area. Therefore, the states with the highest road density do not have the highest railways in India. So, Statement 1 is not correct.
In the new numbering system of National Highways, numbering from North-South oriented highways will be done based on even numbers increasing from East to West. At the same time, odd numbers will be used to mark East-West routes increasing from North to South. So, Statement 2 is correct.
The Zonal and Divisional boundaries are not demarcated to concur with the state boundaries; hence, they are decided by operational/administrative requirements. Some states have railway lines under the jurisdictional control of more than one Zonal Railway/Division. Therefore, the railway zones of India are not considerations of State Boundaries. So, Statement 3 is not correct.
Incorrect
Answer:(b) 2 only
Explanation:
The length of road per 100 sq. km of area is known as the density of roads. State of Kerela has the highest road length of 2,38,773 km, which gives it a road density of 614 km per 100 sq. km of area. But the state of Uttar Pradesh has the largest railway density is nearly twice (40 km) the national average of 20 km per 1000 sq km of area. Therefore, the states with the highest road density do not have the highest railways in India. So, Statement 1 is not correct.
In the new numbering system of National Highways, numbering from North-South oriented highways will be done based on even numbers increasing from East to West. At the same time, odd numbers will be used to mark East-West routes increasing from North to South. So, Statement 2 is correct.
The Zonal and Divisional boundaries are not demarcated to concur with the state boundaries; hence, they are decided by operational/administrative requirements. Some states have railway lines under the jurisdictional control of more than one Zonal Railway/Division. Therefore, the railway zones of India are not considerations of State Boundaries. So, Statement 3 is not correct.
