(c) All three statements are correct
Headline inflation measures the total inflation within an economy, including both food and energy prices, making it more volatile than core inflation, which excludes these items. Retail inflation, also known as Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation, measures the change in the price level of a basket of consumer goods and services purchased by households. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) primarily uses retail inflation as a benchmark for its inflation targeting framework.

(d) All statements are correct
All the statements are correct. The new carbon market rules aim to operationalize carbon markets as part of the 2015 Paris Agreement, which had been pending since its inception. These rules allow entities that emit less than their expected amount to earn carbon credits, which can be traded with entities that exceed their emissions limits. The rules emphasize transparency and integrity in carbon trading to avoid issues like greenwashing and ensure environmental benefits. The new carbon market rules were approved to help countries implement their climate plans more efficiently and cost-effectively.

(c) All three statements are correct
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) was indeed established on December 19, 1966, and is headquartered in Manila, Philippines. Its primary goal is to promote social and economic development in Asia and the Pacific region. The ADB focuses on eradicating extreme poverty and achieving sustainable development through investments in infrastructure, health, and education. As of 2023, the ADB has 68 members, with Japan and the United States being the largest shareholders.

(d) All four pairs are correctly matched
The Katkari are a tribe from Maharashtra, India. They are also known as Kathodi. The Katkari are considered a Scheduled Tribe and a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG).
The Tharu are an ethnic group of people who are indigenous to the Terai region of northern India and southern Nepal. They are known for their love of nature and practice Theravada Buddhism.
The Katkari are a tribe from Maharashtra, India. They are also known as Kathodi. The Katkari are considered a Scheduled Tribe and a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG).
The Koya are an Indian tribal community that live in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha. They are one of the largest adivasi tribes in Telangana.
The Hatti community is a close-knit group of people in the Trans-Giri region of Himachal Pradesh who recently achieved Scheduled Tribe (ST) status.

(b) Only one statement is correct (2nd)
The first Law commission was created by the Charter Act of 1833 and had the authority to investigate and report. The commission’s recommendations led to the codification of the Criminal Procedure Code and the Penal Code. The commission also suggested various enactments to the British government (Statement 1 is incorrect).
The Law Commission of India is a non-statutory (Executive) body, constituted by the Government of India from time to time. The Commission was originally constituted in 1955 and is re-constituted from time to time (Statement 3 is incorrect).
The 22nd Law Commission of India (Latest) is chaired by Justice Rituraj Awasthi, a former Chief Justice of the Karnataka High Court.