(d) None of the statements are incorrect
The 2023 UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation recognize projects that contribute to cultural exchange, economic prosperity, and sustainable heritage conservation. The awards have been given out since 2000 to recognize the achievements of the public and private sectors.
• Award winning sites from India are as follows
• The Rambagh Gate in Amritsar received the “Award of Excellence,” the highest recognition among all categories.
• Pipal Haveli, a heritage rural homestay from Punjab was honoured for its sustainable development.
• The Karnikara Mandapam at Kunnamangalam Bhagawati Temple in Kerala earned the Award of Distinction.
• Epiphany in Haryana, David Sassoon Library and Reading Room in Mumbai and Bikaner House in New Delhi received the Award of Merit.
Three heritage projects from Punjab and Haryana, namely the Rambagh Gate & Ramparts in Amritsar, Pipal Haveli in Gurdaspur, and Church of Epiphany in Gurugram, have secured prestigious spots among the UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation.
Rambagh Gate in Amritsar received the “Award of Excellence,” the highest recognition among all categories, as communicated by UNESCO.
Pipal Haveli, Gurdaspur: supports women’s empowerment through initiatives like the BaRi Collective, offering programmes that strengthen women’s livelihoods via environmentally conscious craft practices.

(a) Statement 1 and 3 only are correct
Statement 2 is Incorrect: There is a no mandatory provision that the election of a candidate as Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha shall be from either the principal opposition party or the ruling party. It is by the convention that the position of Deputy Speaker is offered to the opposition party in India.
Statement 4 is Incorrect: Immediately following the election of the Speaker, the Lok Sabha also elects the Deputy Speaker from among its members. There is no provision and or established practice of moving the motion for his election by the speaker and it is seconded by the prime minister.

(d) Neither Statements 1 nor 2 are correct
A private members bill is a bill introduced by a Member of Parliament who is not a part of the government. These MPs are elected by the people and not nominated by the President of India. Private members bills can be introduced by any member of either the Lok Sabha (Lower House) or the Rajya Sabha (Upper House) who is not a minister in the government. These bills provide an opportunity for individual MPs to bring forward legislation on issues that are important to them or their constituents. (Statement 1 is incorrect)
Private members bills have been passed in the Parliament of India in the past. While it is relatively rare for a private members bill to be passed, it has happened on a few occasions. For example, the Right to Information Act, 2005, which has played a significant role in promoting transparency and accountability in governance, was originally introduced as a private members bill. It was later taken up by the government and passed as an official government bill. (Statement 2 is incorrect)

(b) Demand Reduction
According to a May 2024 UN report, the number of incidents of poaching and trafficking of elephant ivory and rhino horns has decreased globally. The report says that efforts to reduce demand, such as closing Chinese markets and clamping down on organized crime groups, have helped

(b) Only two statements are correct
Biomethanation – It is anaerobic digestion of organic materials which is converted into biogas.
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a bacterial fermentation process that operates without free oxygen and results in a biogas
Incineration – Incineration technology is complete combustion of waste with the recovery of heat to produce steam that in turn produces power through steam turbines. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
Gasification – Gasification is a process that uses high temperatures (500-1800o C) in the presence of limited amounts of oxygen to decompose materials to produce synthetic gas. (Statement 3 is incorrect)
Pyrolysis – Pyrolysis uses heat to break down combustible materials in the absence of oxygen, producing a mixture of combustible gases, liquids and solid residues.