(b) Only two
India’s youth account for almost 83% of the unemployed workforce and the share of youngsters with secondary or higher education in the total unemployed youth has almost doubled from 35.2% in 2000 to 65.7% in 2022, as per the India Employment Report 2024 released by the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and the Institute of Human Development (IHD).
The labour force participation rate is a measure of the proportion of a country’s working-age population that engages actively in the labour market, either by working or looking for work; it provides an indication of the size of the supply of labour available to engage in the production of goods and services, relative to the population at working age. The breakdown of the labour force (formerly known as economically active population) by sex and age group gives a profile of the distribution of the labour force within a country.
The worker population ratio (WPR) is the percentage of people in a country’s population who are employed. It’s calculated by dividing the total number of workers by the population and multiplying by 100.

(b) Only two
Bomb cyclones are intense midlatitude weather systems that are characterized by a rapid decrease in pressure at their center. This process is called bombogenesis, which involves a rapid decrease in atmospheric pressure of at least 24 millibars in 24 hours. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
Bomb cyclones are large, intense mid-latitude storms that are also known as bombogenesis or explosive cyclogenesis storms. They are formed when a cold air mass meets a warm air mass, especially over warm ocean waters.
A bomb cyclone is a powerful storm that forms in the mid-latitudes. It’s called a bomb because its central pressure drops quickly, at least 0.71 of an inch in 24 hours. Bomb cyclones are caused by the collision of cold and warm air masses, and they can occur from late fall to early spring.
Bomb cyclones are characterized by: Low pressure at their center, Blizzards, Severe thunderstorms, and Heavy precipitation.
The vast majority of such storms occur over the ocean. The storm can be tropical or non-tropical in nature.

(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Black carbon is a dark, sooty material that’s emitted when fossil fuels and biomass don’t fully combust. It’s a significant component of particulate matter (PM), which is an air pollutant.
India and China are the world’s largest emitters of black carbon, accounting for 25-35% of global emissions.
It contributes to global warming and poses severe risks. Studies have found a direct link between exposure to black carbon and a higher risk of heart disease, birth complications, and premature death. Most black carbon emissions in India arise from burning biomass, such as cow dung or straw, in traditional cookstoves.

(b) To improve Voting in the Election
The Saksham app is a tech solution by the Election Commission of India (ECI) to make voting easier for people with disabilities. The app provides services to PwD voters, including:
Verifying names: PwD voters can use the app to verify their names in the electoral roll
Enrolling: PwD voters can use the app to enroll themselves
Correcting names, addresses, and photos: PwD voters can use the app to correct their names, addresses, and photos.

(b) SDR
SDR (Special Drawing Rights) is treated as an artificial currency, while ADR and GDR are financial instruments. SDRs are created by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and are also known as paper gold.
ADR and GDR are both types of negotiable securities that represent shares in a foreign company. The main difference between the two is that ADRs are issued in the US markets, while GDRs are primarily issued in non-US markets.
An American depositary receipt represents shares in a foreign company and is listed only on American exchanges. A GDR represents shares in a foreign company and is listed on various foreign stock exchanges.