(c) Only three statements are correct (1st, 2nd and 4th)
The OPS guarantees a fixed pension amount, typically 50% of the last drawn salary plus Dearness Allowance (DA).
Under the NPS, both the employee and the government contribute to the pension fund, with the employee contributing 10% of their salary and the government contributing 14%.
The OPS is applicable only to government employees and not to private sector employees. Private employees can be eligible for the National Pension Scheme (NPS) if their employer has adopted the scheme. (Statement 3 is incorrect)
To be eligible for NPS, you must be an Indian citizen between the ages of 18 and 70, and your employer must have adopted the scheme
The NPS allows for partial withdrawal of the pension corpus before retirement under specific conditions

(a) Only 1st and 2nd statements are correct
The L69 group consists of a diverse coalition of developing countries from Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean, advocating for reforms in the UNSC to ensure better representation for developing nations.
The G4 group includes Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan, which support each other’s bids for permanent seats on the UNSC.
While both groups advocate for UNSC reforms, their memberships do not overlap, and their specific objectives and strategies differ. (Statement 3 is incorrect)

(b) Only two statements are correct
The Gadgil Committee indeed recommended declaring the entire Western Ghats as an ESA, while the Kasturirangan Committee proposed a more balanced approach, emphasizing sustainable development. However, the idea of a Western Ghats Ecology Authority was primarily proposed by the Gadgil Committee. (Statement 3 is incorrect)

(b) Only two pairs are correct (1st and 3rd)
Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary (Keoladeo Ghana NP) Located in Rajasthan, India. Famous for birdwatching, especially during the winter migration season. UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Silent Valley National Park Located in Kerala, India. Known for its pristine tropical rainforests and rich biodiversity. UNESCO World Heritage Site. (2nd pair is incorrect)
Dhanauri Wetland Located in Uttar Pradesh, India. Recognized as an Important Bird Area. Significant ecological importance. Recent attention due to Ramsar site designation.
Valley of Flowers National Park Located in Uttarakhand, India. Famous for its alpine flowers and diverse flora. (4th pair is incorrect)

(c) Only 1st and 3rd statements are correct
Butterflies/ Bees play an important role in the pollination of plants and the production of crops. Butterflies transport pollen grains from one place to another.
So if there is a huge fall in the population of species of butterflies, pollination of some plants could be adversely affected.
As there are no reasons (not proven) for a drastic increase in the fungal infections of some cultivated plants. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
It could lead to a fall in the population of some species of wasps, spiders, and birds because these species are the predators of butterflies, so if the population decreases then these predators lose their major food source.