(a) 4 3 2 1
Malaria-Protozoan: Malaria is caused by female Anopheles mosquito, which has a tiny protozoan (Plasmodium). The vector of this protozoan and picks it up from the infected person through the bite.
Poliomyelitis-Virus: This disease is caused by the poliovirus. The central nervous system is affected by it, which causes paralysis.
Tuberculosis-Bacteria: It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Symptoms of this disease are high fever, sweating, loss of weight, cough etc.
Ring-Fungi: It is a fungal disease caused by Microsporum, Trichophyton. It is characterised by dry, scaly lesions on the skin.

(b) Double helix
The double helix feature of DNA makes it uniquely suited to store and transmit genetic information from generation to generation.
The double helix shape allows for DNA replication and protein synthesis to occur.
In these processes, the DNA unwinds and opens to allow a copy of the DNA to be made. In DNA replication, the double helix unwinds and each separated strand is used to synthesize a new strand. As the new strands form, bases are paired together until two double helix DNA molecules are formed from a single double helix DNA molecule. DNA replication is required for the processes of mitosis and meiosis to occur.
(b) Double helix
The double helix feature of DNA makes it uniquely suited to store and transmit genetic information from generation to generation.
The double helix shape allows for DNA replication and protein synthesis to occur.
In these processes, the DNA unwinds and opens to allow a copy of the DNA to be made. In DNA replication, the double helix unwinds and each separated strand is used to synthesize a new strand. As the new strands form, bases are paired together until two double helix DNA molecules are formed from a single double helix DNA molecule. DNA replication is required for the processes of mitosis and meiosis to occur.

(d) All of the above
Terminator technology is the genetic modification of plants to make them produce sterile seeds. They are also known as suicide seeds. Terminator’s official name – used by the UN and scientists – is Genetic Use Restriction Technologies (GURTs).
The technology was developed in the 1990s by the US government and the seed/agrochemical industry to prevent farmers from replanting harvested seeds and force them to buy new seeds each season.
The advantages of terminator technology include:
• Modified seeds could be disease resistant
• Modified seeds could have other desirable characteristics for production
For example, second-generation soybeans are sterile, so farmers must buy new seeds every year from the seed company. This strategy has also been used for creating herbicide-tolerant corn, rice, and many other crops.

(c) Y of male and X of female
A baby’s sex is determined at the time of conception. When the baby is conceived, a chromosome from the sperm cell, either X or Y, fuses with the X chromosome in the egg cell, determining whether the baby will be female (XX) or male (XY). To be female, one needs to be (XX), whereas to be a male, (XY) is needed.

(c) Margo (Neem)
Neem oil is one of the safest natural methods to keep the mosquitoes away from your body as well as your home. The effectiveness of neem oil will last approximately 3 hours and repel 70% of the mosquitoes. However, neem oil should not be used on the skin as it can lead to skin irritation.