(b) Only two
Article 72 came into the act to provide justice from the harsh and cruel injustice from the clutches of the court. In regards to providing justice, it is crucial to keep in mind the backdrop of the situation and judge the situation in regard to that. (Statement 1 and 2 are correct)
In Maru Ram v Union of India, the Constitutional Bench of Supreme Court held that the power under Article 72 is to be exercised on the advice of the Central Government and not by the President on his own, and that the advice of the Government binds the head of the Republic. (Statement 3 is incorrect)
In the landmark cases of Maru Ram and Kehar Singh, the Supreme Court established that the power of pardon is subject to judicial scrutiny. The Supreme Court can only interfere with the President’s power to grant pardon if it finds that the President’s considerations were irrelevant, based on malafide grounds, or arbitrary. (Statement 4 is incorrect)

(b) Only two
Former Supreme Court judge Justice AM Sapre will be heading the committee that is expected to look at various areas of the Adani-Hindenburg case. The committee’s goal is to assess the situation and recommend measures to promote investor awareness, strengthen the statutory framework, and ensure compliance with existing regulations. (1st pair is incorrect)
Judge Ahluwalia was appointed chairperson of the High Powered Expert Committee on Urban Infrastructure and Services by the Ministry of Urban Development. (2nd pair is incorrect)
The Bibek Debroy committee recommended that the rail industry needs to be liberalized by allowing the entry of private operators to provide services. (3rd pair is correct)
The objective of the Malimath Committee was to suggest whether there is a need to re-write the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), the Indian Penal Code (IPC) or the Indian Evidence Act to fulfil the aspiration of citizens and to accommodate these with changing nature of the crime. (4th pair is correct)

(d) All four
It marks India’s first dedicated solar observatory mission, will be positioned in the L1 halo orbit for continuous Sun observation, and its primary instrument, the VELC, focuses on investigating coronal heating and solar wind acceleration.
VELC (Visible Emission Line Coronagraph) serves as the mission’s primary instrument. It’s specifically designed to capture images of the solar corona, an outermost layer of the Sun’s atmosphere, by studying specific wavelengths of light emitted by different elements and plasma within it. Analyzing these emissions allows scientists to understand coronal temperature, density, and dynamics, ultimately revealing insights into coronal heating and solar wind acceleration mechanisms.
The mission will indeed be placed in a halo orbit around the L1 Lagrange point. This special location in the Sun-Earth system experiences gravitational balance between the two bodies, enabling Aditya L1 to remain relatively stationary with respect to both and maintain an uninterrupted view of the Sun. (All four Statements are correct).

(a) To provide high insurance cover for exporters and reduce premium for small exporters
To enhance the loan availability of exporters, and the MSME sector the Export Guarantee Corporation of India (ECGC) has launched a scheme called ‘Nirvik’.
To revive the export sector, Commerce Ministry also launched the common digital platform for the issuance of certificates of origin.
NIRVIK Scheme:
•If there is any loss, then ECGC provided credit guarantee of up to 60% loss approximately.
•Now under new scheme Nirvik consumers and exporters will covered up to 90% and if there is any loss then in that case ECGC will refund 90% to the banks including principal and interest.
•Both pre and post shipment credit will also be covered under the new scheme.
•Banks will get up to 50 % within 30 days of complain lodge.
•Enhanced cover will ensure that Foreign and Rupee export credit interest rates will be below 4% and 8% respectively for exporters.
•The scheme envisages simplified procedure for settlement of claim and for provisional payment up to 50% within 30 days on production of proof of end-use of the advances in default by the Insured Bank.

(c) Paramahansa Yogananda
Paramahansa Yogananda (1893 –1952) was an Indian monk, yogi and guru who introduced millions to the teachings of meditation and Kriya Yoga through his organization Self-Realization Fellowship (SRF) / Yogoda Satsanga Society (YSS) of India.
Yogananda was the first major Indian Yoga teacher to settle in America. His long-standing influence in the American yoga movement, and especially the yoga culture of Los Angeles, led him to be considered by yoga experts as the “Father of Yoga in the West.”
Autobiography of a Yogi: In 1946, Yogananda published his life story, Autobiography of a Yogi. It is regarded as one of the Most Important Spiritual Books of the 20th Century. The Book has been an inspiration for many people including George Harrison, Ravi Shankar and Steve Jobs.