(c) All three statements are correct
A Judge is appointed by the President of India, whereas the Magistrate is appointed by the High Courts. A Judge has more powers than a Magistrate. The difference between Magistrate vs Judge in India given here can help the UPSC Civil Service exam aspirants to understand the basics better and know their comparisons thoroughly.
A civil officer or a minor judicial officer in specific areas like district, town, etc. is called as Magistrate. A Judicial Magistrate does not have the power to award life imprisonment or a death sentence

(a) Brain-Eating Amoeba
Naegleria fowleri is an ameba (single-celled living organism) that lives in soil and warm fresh water, such as lakes, rivers, and hot springs. It is commonly called the “brain-eating amoeba” because it can cause a brain infection when water containing the amoeba goes up the nose. It is a microscopic organism that can only be seen with a microscope. The amoeba enters the body through the nose and can cause a severe brain infection known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM).
Signs and Symptoms:
They may initially resemble the meningitis-related symptoms of headache, nausea, and fever.
In the later stages, one may experience seizures, hallucinations, a stiff neck, and possibly a coma.
The infection spreads quickly and usually results in death after five days. According to the CDC (Centers for disease control and prevention), PAM’s initial symptoms appear one to 12 days after infection.
Treatment:
Because these infections are uncommon and spread swiftly, researchers haven’t yet found any cures that work. Amphotericin B, azithromycin, fluconazole, rifampin, miltefosine, and dexamethasone are being used by doctors to treat it.
Impact of Climate Change:
The CDC predicts that as temperatures rise around the world, more people will become infected with Naegleria fowleri since the amoeba primarily lives in warm freshwater bodies. The organism may sometimes survive at even greater temperatures and thrives best in high temperatures up to 46°C.
Recent research has revealed that too much atmospheric carbon dioxide has caused lakes and rivers to warm up. “These circumstances offer the amoeba a more hospitable habitat in which to flourish.
The CDC website notes that during heat waves, when air and water temperatures may be higher than usual, the amoeba may also flourish.

(c) All three statements are correct
Gotipua: It is a traditional dance form in the state of Odisha, India, and the precursor of Odissi classical dance. It has been performed in Orissa for centuries by young boys, who dress as women to praise Jagannath and Krishna. It is popularly known as Bandha Nritya.
The dance is executed by a group of boys who perform acrobatic figures inspired by the life of Radha and Krishna.
The boys begin to learn the dance at an early age until adolescence when their androgynous appearance changes. In the Odia language, Gotipua means “single boy”. Raghurajpur, Odisha (near Puri) is a historic village known for its Gotipua dance troupes. The dance of the Gotipuas is accompanied by traditional Odissi music with the primary percussion being the Mardala(Percussive Instrument).

(b) Only two statements are correct
The Santhal Pargana Tenancy Act of 1876 (SPT Act) enacted by the British, prohibited the transfer of Adivasi lands (urban or rural land) to non-Adivasis. (Statement 1 is correct)
The land can only be inherited as per the Act, thus retaining the rights of Santhals to self-govern their land. The Chotanagpur Tenancy Act, (CNT Act) enacted by the British in 1908 as a result of the Birsa Movement, allows land transfers within the same caste and certain geographical areas with the approval of the District Collector. (Statement 2 is correct)
Santhal Tribe: It is the third largest scheduled tribe in India after the Gonds and Bhils, known for their calm and peaceful nature. They originally led a nomadic life but settled in Chota Nagpur plateau and migrated to Santhal Parganas in Bihar and Odisha. (Statement 3 is incorrect)

(a) Liquid Sodium is employed as a coolant in nuclear reactors
Liquid sodium is used as a coolant in nuclear reactors. It absorbs energy from the reaction and transfers it to water in steam generators. The steam is then used to turn turbines to generate electricity.